Urban planning is a professional field that explores the interaction between communities, individuals, and the physical environment. Through regulation, design, and management, urban planners collaborate to create physical spaces that benefit various aspects of the public realm. Specifically, they focus on strategies that influence infrastructure, land use, transportation, economic development, housing, and social development. Urban planners seek to integrate sustainability, economic vitality, and livability into the development of our cities and towns, ensuring a healthy, equitable, and efficient environment for current and future populations.

See also: emergence, evolution, evolutionary computing, evolutionary psychology